Privately minted “Hard Times” tokens are tangible reminders of a turbulent period in America. Their political and commercial motifs are diverse, reflecting the economic and social scene of the pre–Civil War era of Andrew Jackson (the 1830s and 1840s). Numismatists find them fascinating to collect and study. Although there are major rarities in the series, most of the issues are very affordable. Novice and experienced collectors alike, as well as history buffs and everyone interested in the Jackson era, will find this volume an indispensable reference. Inside, you’ll find a wealth of information not in print in any other single source. Q. David Bowers includes recent research findings, hundreds of high-resolution images, and current market pricing in multiple grades. He expertly covers the history of these fascinating collectibles, and catalogs them with detailed information for sellers, buyers, historians, and researchers. 17th entry in Whitman’s bestselling Bowers Series of numismatic reference books.